卫报双语精读TG-2023-04-30期TikTok 因违反儿童数据法被判罚款1270万英镑（PDF+Word版）
TikTok fined £12.7m for child data law breaches
TikTok 因违反儿童数据法被判罚款1270万英镑
【1】TikTok has been fined £12.7m for illegally processing the data of 1.4 million children under 13 who used its platform without parental consent, the data watchdog said yesterday. The UK’s information commissioner said the China-owned video app had done “very little, if anything” to check who was using the platform and remove underage users, despite internal warnings the firm was flouting its own terms and conditions. “Our findings were that TikTok were not doing enough to prevent under-13s accessing their platform, they were not doing enough when they became aware of under-13s to get rid of them, and they were not doing enough to detect under -13s on there,” John Edwards told the Guardian. “They assure us that they are now doing more.”
数据监督机构昨日表示，TikTok因非法使用140万名13岁以下儿童的数据而被罚款1270万英镑。这些儿童未经父母同意就使用其平台。英国信息专员表示，尽管有内部警告称，该公司违反了自己的条款和条件，但这家中国视频应用在审查使用该平台的用户以及删除未成年用户方面“就算有也做得很少”。约翰·爱德华兹（John Edwards）告诉《卫报》：“我们的发现是，TikTok没有采取足够的措施来阻止13岁以下的儿童登录其平台。而且当他们意识到13岁以下的儿童登录抖音时，他们也没有采取足够的措施来限制他们，他们也没有采取足够的措施识别抖音13岁以下的儿童。他们向我们保证，他们正在采取更多行动。”
【2】The fine from the Information commissioner’s Office (ICO) comes weeks after the app was banned from UK government phones amid security concerns, and it is fast becoming a flashpoint for the UK’s handling of big tech and Chinese influence. After the fine was imposed, one of the largest the watchdog has ever given, Rishi Sunak was accused of moving too slowly in taking action against TikTok – and was branded “naive for assumingTikTok could ever regulate itself ”. UK data protection law does not have a strict ban on children using the internet, but it requires organisations that use the personal data of children to obtain consent from their parents or carers. TikTok itself bans those under 13 in its terms and conditions. The failure to enforce age limits led to “up to 1.4 million UK children” under the age of 13 using the platform as of 2020, the ICO estimated.
英国信息专员办公室（ICO）处以罚款的几周前，出于安全考虑，这款应用被禁止在英国政府手机上使用。这款应用也迅速成为英国应对大型科技公司和中国影响力的引爆点。这是该监管机构开出的最大罚单之一。罚单开出后，里希·苏纳克（Rishi Sunak）由于对TikTok采取行动缓慢而受到指控，并指出他“认为TikTok能够自我监管这一想法太过天真”。英国数据保护法没有严格禁止儿童使用互联网，但它要求使用儿童个人数据的组织需征得其父母或看护人的同意。TikTok本身在其条款和条件中禁止13岁以下的用户。英国信息专员办公室估计，由于未实施该年龄限制，截至2020年，英国使用该平台的13岁以下的儿童“多达140万”。
【3】“There was a whole bunch of stuff that they could have been doing that they weren’t,” Edwards said. “All that was required was a self certification that the applicant was over 13, by clicking a box with no verification, with no extra checks. We understand that there are now significantlymore checks and balances in place to detect that kind of thing.” Edwards added: “There are laws in place to make sure our children are as safe in the digital world as they are in the physical world. TikTok did not abide by those laws. As a consequence, an estimated 1 million under -13s were inappropriately granted access to the platform, with TikTok collecting and using their personal data. That means that their data may have been used to track them and profile them, potentially delivering harmful, inappropriate content at their very next scroll. TikTok should have known better, TikTok should have done better. They did not do enough to check who was using their platform or take sufficient action to remove the underage children that were using their platform.”
爱德华兹说：“他们本来可以做很多事情，但他们没有做。该平台要求的只是自我证明，即超过13岁的申请人只需点击方框，无需核实和另外审查。我们明白，现在有更多的制衡措施来检测这类事情。”爱德华兹补充道：“现在已经有法律来确保我们的孩子在数字世界和现实世界中一样安全。TikTok没有遵守这些法律。因此，估计有100万名13岁以下的孩子被允许登录该平台，此举极不妥当。TikTok收集使用他们的个人数据。这意味着可能会用们他们的数据来跟踪和分析他们，可能会在他们刷到下一个视频时传递有害、不适当的内容。TikTok应该更清楚，也应该做得更好。他们没有采取足够的措施来审查使用其平台的用户，也没有采取足够的行动来移除使用其平台的未成年儿童。”
【4】The ICO’s investigation found concern was raised internally but that TikTok did not respond “adequately”. In a statement, a TikTok spokesperson said: “TikTok is a platform for users aged 13 and over. We invest heavily to help keep under -13s off the platform and our 40,000 -strong safety team works around the clock to help keep the platform safe for our community. While we disagree with the ICO’s decision, which relates to May 2018 to July 2020, we are pleased that the fine announced today has been reduced to under half the amount proposed last year. We will continue to review the decision and are considering next steps.”
英国信息专员办公室的调查发现，TikTok内部表达了担忧，但它没有做出“充分”回应。TikTok的发言人在一份声明中说：“TikTok是一个面向13岁及以上用户的平台。我们投入大量资金，让13以下用户远离该平台。我们4万名员工组成的强大的安全团队昼夜不停地工作，就是为了保障社区平台的安全。虽然我们不同意英国信息专员办公室就2018年5月至2020年7月的判决，但我们很高兴今日公布的罚款金额已减至去年金额的一半以下。我们将继续审查这一决定，并正在考虑下一步措施。”
【5】TikTok emphasised that it had changed its practices since the period the ICO investigated. Now, in common with its social media peers, the site uses more signals than a users’ self-declared age when trying to determine how old they are, including training its moderators to identify underageaccounts and providing tools for parents to request the deletion of their underage children’s accounts.
TikTok强调，自英国信息专员办公室调查以来，它已经改变了其做法。现在，与其他社交媒体同行一样，该网站在确定用户年龄时，参考了更多的信息，而不只是用户自己所填写的年龄，包括培训网站管理员识别未成年人账户，以及为家长提供工具，要求删除未成年子女的账户。
【6】The accusations also predate the introduction of the ICO’s “ age appropriate design code”, which specifies an even stricter set of rules that platforms are expected to follow when handling the personal data of children. That code also makes it more explicit that platforms cannot argue ignorance over the ages of younger users as a defence of failing to treat their personal data carefully.“We will be looking at other providers of services likely to be accessed by children and checking the ways in which they’re doing age verification”, Edwards said.
这些指控还早于英国信息专员办公室“适龄设计准则”的出台，该准则的条例更为严格，平台在使用儿童个人数据时应遵循这些条例。该规定还明确指出，平台不得以不了解年轻用户年龄为由，为自己未能认真处理个人数据进行辩护。爱德华兹表示：“我们将持续关注儿童可能会使用的其它服务供应商，并审查他们进行年龄验证的方式。”
【7】In 2019, TikTok was hit with a fine of $5.7m (£4.6m) by the US Federal Trade Commission for similar practices. That fine, a record at the time, was also levied against TikTok for improper data collection from children under 13. That year, the company committed to improving its practices and said it would begin keeping younger users in “age-appropriate TikTok environments”, where those under 13 would be pushed into a more passive role, able to watch videos but not post or comment on the platform.
2019年，TikTok因类似做法被美国联邦贸易委员（Federal Trade Commission）罚款570万美元（合460万英镑）。这笔罚款也是为该公司不当收集13岁以下儿童的数据，在当时创下了最高纪录。那一年，该公司承诺改进其做法，并表示开始让年轻用户留在“适龄的TikTok环境”中，13岁以下的用户将更为被动，他们能够观看视频，但不能在该平台上发布视频或评论。
【8】John Hayes, a senior Conservative MP who pushed Sunak to toughen up the online harms bill, warned the government it would be forced to return to the issue of regulation “time and again because the idea that companies like TikTok will ever regulate themselves is for the birds”. Labour has accused the government of failing to protect children online. Alex Davies-Jones, shadow digital and tech minister, said “ministers have been passing the buck and platforms have been acting with impunity”. She added: “The government and tech companies have a clear responsibility to ensure young people are safe online and this episode shows they are failing that duty. Labour has long campaigned for stronger protections online and if this government fails to act the next Labour government will.”
资深保守党议员约翰·海斯（John Hayes）曾督促苏纳克强化网络危害法案，他警告政府，将不得不重新讨论监管问题，“反反复复，因为TikTok这样的公司会始终自我监管的想法实在荒唐可笑”。工党指责政府未能保护网络儿童。影子数字和技术部长亚历克斯·戴维斯-琼斯（Alex Davies-Jones）表示：“部长们一直在推卸责任，平台一直为所欲为而不受惩罚。”她补充说：“政府和科技公司有明确的责任保护年轻人上网安全，这一事件表明他们没有履行这一职责。长期以来，工党一直呼吁加强网络保护，如果本届政府不采取行动，下届工党政府就会采取行动。”
①短语：1.原文：The failure to enforce age limits led to “up to 1.4 million UK children” under the age of 13 using the platform as of 2020, the ICO estimated.
词典: as of 截至
例句：More than 70,000 people in Ohio had no electricity as of yesterday morning and more heavy storms with the possibility of tornadoes and large hail were in the forecast.
截至昨天早上，俄亥俄州有超过70,000人没有电力供应，天气预报中还预测会有更多的暴风雨以及龙卷风和大冰雹。
2.原文：TikTok did not abide by those laws.
词典: abide by 遵守
例句：Movie theaters have to abide by local guidelines which often require masks.
电影院必须遵守地方规定，这些规定通常明确需要戴口罩。
3.原文：That year, the company committed to improving its practices and said it would begin keeping younger users in “age-appropriate TikTok environments”.
词典: commit to sth/doing sth 承诺，致力于某事/做某事
例句：Several Arctic nations have already committed to action.
多个极地国家都已承诺要付诸行动。
4.原文：John Hayes, a senior Conservative MP who pushed Sunak to toughen up the online harms bill, warned the government it would be forced to return to the issue of regulation “time and again because the idea that companies like TikTok will ever regulate themselves is for the birds”.
词典: toughen up 加强；强化
for the birds 愚蠢；毫无用处；不实用（俚语）
例句：The government of Canada has issued an emergency directive toughening up rail safety following a deadly accident in Quebec earlier this month.
本月早些时候魁北克发生致命事故，为此，加拿大政府发布紧急指令，要求加强铁路安全。
His article on translation criticism is for the birds.
他那篇关于翻译批评的文章毫无价值。
5.原文：Alex Davies-Jones, shadow digital and tech minister, said “ministers have been passing the buck and platforms have been acting with impunity”.
词典: pass the buck 推卸责任
例句：David says the responsibility is Mr Smith"s and it"s no good trying to pass the buck.
戴维说责任在史密斯先生，企图推脱责任是没有用的。
②长难句
1. 原文：The UK’s information commissioner said the China-owned video app had done “very little, if anything” to check who was using the platform and remove underage users, despite internal warnings the firm was flouting its own terms and conditions.
分析：本句包含两个宾语从句和一个同位语从句。主句为“The UK’s information commissioner said...”；“the China-owned... users”为宾语从句，省略了关系词that，其中还嵌套一个宾语从句“who was... users”；“the firm was flouting its own terms and conditions”为同位语从句，对warnings进行解释说明，需要注意的是同位语从句一般不省略that，但当同位语从句的先行词具有动词意义时（如warning警告，rumour传闻，order命令等），可以省略that，而先行词为纯名词意义时（如new消息，fact事实等），不可省略that。
译文：英国信息专员表示，尽管有内部警告称，该公司违反了自己的条款和条件，但这家中国视频应用在审查使用该平台的用户以及删除未成年用户方面“就算有也做得很少”。
2. 原文：John Hayes, a senior Conservative MP who pushed Sunak to toughen up the online harms bill, warned the government it would be forced to return to the issue of regulation “time and again because the idea that companies like TikTok will ever regulate themselves is for the birds”.
分析：本句包含一个定语从句，一个宾语从句，一个原因状语从句和一个同位语从句。主句为“John Hayes warned the government”；“a senior... bill”为John Hayes的同位语，其中“who pushed... bill”为定语从句，修饰MP；“ it would... and again”为宾语从句，省略了关系词that；because引导原因状语从句“the idea... birds”，其中“that companies... themselves”为同位语从句，对ides进行解释说明。
译文：资深保守党议员约翰·海斯（John Hayes）曾督促苏纳克强化网络危害法案，他警告政府，将不得不重新讨论监管问题，“反反复复，因为抖音海外版这样的公司会始终自我监管的想法实在是荒唐可笑”。
③背景知识：
据路透社4月5日报道，英国信息专员办公室4日对中国短视频社交媒体平台TikTok罚款1270万英镑，声称原因是TikTok违反数据保护法律，未经家长同意使用13岁以下儿童的个人数据。对此，TikTok一位发言人当天回应称，公司不认同信息专员办公室的决定，但是乐见罚款“从该办公室去年提出的3373万美元大幅度降低”。英国信息专员办公室在声明中称，这些“违反数据保护”的行为发生在2018年5月至2020年7月之间，TikTok没有尽责地监看用户的年龄，未能移除使用该软件的低龄儿童。TikTok限定13岁是能够开设账号的最低年龄。在英国对TikTok采取罚款当天，澳大利亚声称禁止在政府手机和所有设备上使用TikTok。此前，美国、新西兰、加拿大、英国、挪威以及北约和欧盟委员会禁止其官员在工作手机上使用TikTok。瑞典军方近日也称，禁止军方雇员在工作设备上使用TikTok。
段落大意：
【1】TikTok因非法利用儿童数据被罚款1270万英镑。
【2】英国在政府设备上封杀TikTok。
【3】TikTok未采取有力措施审查和移除13岁以下的用户。
【4】TikTok发言人就罚款做出回应，表示考虑采取下一步措施。
【5】TikTok强调多措并举审查未成年用户。
【6】英国信息专员办公室就儿童个人数据出台规定。
【7】TikTok多次被罚款，并承诺会改进其做法。
【8】多方人士表示政府要加强监管，采取行动保护网络安全。
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