近日，一篇关于海南的“鸡油菌大王”——大果鸡油菌的科普文章引发关注。该菌生长在海南热带雨林国家公园，其菌盖直径最大达16cm，是目前海南发现的鸡油菌属物种中个体最大的，也是当之无愧的海南“鸡油菌大王”。
A science popularization article published on May 28 on the cantharellus macrocarpus mushroom, the king of cantharellus in South China"s Hainan province, has drawn the attention of the Chinese bioscience community, and even the public.
5月28日，一篇关于中国南方海南省鸡油菌之王大果菇的科普文章引起了中国生物科学界甚至公众的关注。
"The article aims to introduce the distinctive species. I think it"s the cantharellus macrocarpus" abnormal size and upbringing that has aroused readers" interest," said Zeng Niankai, a professor at the School of Life Sciences of Hainan Normal University who discovered the mushroom.
海南师范大学生命科学学院教授曾念开发现了这种蘑菇，他说：“这篇文章旨在介绍这种独特的物种。我认为，引起读者兴趣的是鸡油菌独特的体型和成长过程。”
The cantharellus macrocarpus only grows in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. With a cap diameter of up to 16 cm, it is the largest individual among the species of cantharellus, more commonly known as chanterelles, found in the province.
大果鸡油菌仅生长在海南热带雨林国家公园。它的菌盖直径高达16厘米，是该省发现的鸡油菌属物种中最大的个体。
"The cantharellus is not rare in the park, but the cantharellus macrocarpus is unusual in its size," said Qi Xuming, director of the Education and Publicity Division of the Bawangling branch of the national park.
“鸡油菌在公园里并不罕见，但大果鸡油菌的体型不同寻常，”海南热带雨林国家公园管理局霸王岭分局宣教科普科科长齐旭明说。
Zeng found the giant mushroom on May 23, 2019.
曾于2019年5月23日发现了这只巨型蘑菇。
That day, he took his graduate students to the Bawangling area of the national park to conduct investigations and discovered it.
那天，他带着他的研究生来到国家公园的霸王岭地区进行调查，并发现了它。
"We didn"t look for it on purpose, but found it during a routine investigation," Zeng said.
曾说：“我们不是特意寻找，而是在例行调查中发现的。”
The cap diameter of an ordinary chanterelle is about 5 to 6 cm, or even smaller, but that of the newly discovered can reach 16 cm. The flesh of the mushroom is white and doesn"t change color even if injured. The surface of its hymenium is yellow-orange with well-developed gills. Its stipe, however, is lighter in color, either cream or pale yellow.
普通蘑菇的菌盖直径约为5至6厘米，甚至更小，但新发现的蘑菇的菌帽直径可达16厘米。蘑菇的果肉是白色的，即使受伤也不会变色。子实层表面呈黄橙色，菌褶发育良好。然而，它的菌柄颜色较浅，要么是奶油色，要么是淡黄色。
"From its appearance, it not only grows very big, but also has a bright yellow funnel-shaped cap, as if wearing a defending crown — quite regal, highlighting its unique status," Zeng said.
曾说：“从它的外表来看，它不仅长得很大，而且有一顶亮黄色的漏斗形帽子，就像戴着一顶卫冕王冠——很有王者风范，凸显了它的独特地位。”
He and his students spent half an hour taking pictures and collecting specimens.
他和他的学生花了半个小时拍照和收集标本。
Subsequently, Zeng"s research team discovered the same group of fungi in the same place on Aug 31, 2019, July 27, 2021, and May 17, last year.
随后，曾的研究团队于2019年8月31日、2021年7月27日和去年5月17日在同一地点发现了同一组真菌。
Based on the specimens collected the second time, the research team announced the discovery of this new species.
根据第二次采集的标本，研究小组宣布发现了这个新物种。
The team collected specimens every time it located the mushrooms, brought them back to its laboratory and carried out in-depth research by combining morphological anatomy and molecular phylogeny.
该团队每次定位蘑菇时都会收集标本，将其带回实验室，并结合形态学解剖学和分子系统发育进行深入研究。
Zeng said through comprehensive studies and comparative analysis of related literature, the cantharellus macrocarpus falls within the genus of the cantharellus, but its morphological characteristics and system position are different from those of the known species of the genus in the world. It was Zeng who named the new species. He added the word macrocarpus, which means "large-fruited", in reference to its size.
曾说，通过对相关文献的综合研究和比较分析，大果鸡油菌属于鸡油菌属，但其形态特征和系统位置与世界上已知的该属物种不同。是曾给这个新物种命名的。他添加了macrocarpus这个词，意思是“结了大果实”，指的是它的大小。
He said that nearly 200 types of chanterelles discovered in the world are edible, and the cantharellus macrocarpus is one of them. But cultivating them would be quite difficult because they have a symbiotic relationship with certain flowering plants in the forest, he explained.
他说，世界上发现的近200种鸡油菌是可食用的，大果鸡油菌就是其中之一。但他解释说，培育它们将相当困难，因为它们与森林中的某些开花植物有共生关系。
Still, Zeng can"t deny the nutritional value of the mushroom and recognizes its potential. He said that the new chanterelle species contains canthaxanthin, vitamin A, vitamin C and minerals, and the mushrooms are good for the eyes and stomach.
尽管如此，曾不能否认蘑菇的营养价值，并认识到它的潜力。他说，这种新的鸡油菌含有鸡油菌素、维生素A、维生素C和矿物质，蘑菇对眼睛和胃都有好处。
So far, eight types of mushrooms have been discovered in Hainan. Five were found by Zeng"s research team.
到目前为止，在海南已经发现了八种蘑菇。曾的研究小组发现了五个。
Zeng said that the discovery of the new species not only shows that the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is rich in biodiversity, but also shows the effectiveness of the park in ecological protection.
曾说，新物种的发现不仅表明海南热带雨林国家公园生物多样性丰富，也表明了该公园在生态保护方面的有效性。
"Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, our team will continue to research the mushrooms, which coexist with the tropical rainforest plants and play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of the rainforest," he added.
他补充道：“在国家自然科学基金的资助下，我们的团队将继续研究蘑菇，它们与热带雨林植物共存，在维护雨林生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用。”
