俄罗斯耶弗拉兹集团
俄罗斯耶弗拉兹集团（Evraz Group）官方网站网址：http://www.evraz.com/
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俄罗斯耶弗拉兹集团（Evraz）是俄罗斯最大的钢铁生产和开采公司之一。俄罗斯首富阿布拉莫维奇2006年6月收购了该公司大股东阿布拉莫夫名下的82.31%股份中的41.3％，成为公司的最大股东。
Evraz成立于1992年，2005年6月在伦敦证券交易所公开上市。集团下属的主要企业包括下塔吉尔、西西伯利亚和新库兹涅茨克钢铁联合企业这三家俄罗斯主要铸钢厂。此外，该公司还大举涉足和控股矿石开采、煤炭等领域，并已将触角伸入意大利、美国、南非的钢铁行业。公司还占有世界初级矾原料生产市场20%以上的份额。
2007年该公司生产了1630万吨钢和1520吨轧钢，与俄罗斯北方钢铁公司并驾齐驱，早已步入世界钢铁业生产前列。Evraz目前在世界钢铁业排名第12位。据专家估算，Evraz资产总值在2006年就已经达到73亿美元以上。
俄罗斯耶弗拉兹集团（Evraz），在2009年度《财富》世界500强公司中，排名454，营业收入为：203.8亿美元。
Evraz Group S.A. is a large vertically-integrated steel, mining and vanadium business with operations in the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Europe, USA, Canada and South Africa. The Company is ranked the 14th largest steel producer in the world based on crude steel production of 15.3 million tonnes in 2009. Evraz is largely self-sufficient in respect of its iron ore and coking coal requirements with the majority of its internal consumption covered by its mining operations. Evraz's consolidated revenues for the year ended 31 December 2009 totalled US$9,772 million, while consolidated adjusted EBITDA(1) amounted to US$1,237 million.
In 2009, the Company hold large shares of the Russian steel construction product market, in particular of H-beams, channels and rebars. Evraz accounts for 100% of rail sales in Russia and ranks second in the country’s rail wheel market.
Evraz is also a major supplier of semi-finished products, slabs and billets to world markets.
Evraz is a prominent player in the European plate market.
Evraz is the No 1 producer of rails in the USA, the second largest producer of plate in terms of capacity and is acknowledged as a primary North American producer of tubular products, particularly in respect of LD pipes and OCTG pipes.
Evraz’s mining operations ensure high levels of self-sufficiency in respect of supplies of iron ore and coking coal required for the Company’s steelmaking processes.
Evraz is also an important player in the world vanadium market. The Company’s international vanadium business comprises Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation in South Africa, Vanady-Tula in Russia, Nikom in the Czech Republic and Strategic Minerals Corporation in the United States. The Company produces various vanadium products including ferrovanadium, Nitrovan® vanadium and vanadium oxides and chemicals that are used in steelmaking and other applications.
Evraz also owns and operates the Nakhodka Commercial Sea Port (“NTMP”) in the Far East of Russia and Chemzone Ltd., the Carbofer steel distribution network in Russia.
In March 2010 Evraz Group successfully tendered to develop the Mezhegey coking coal deposit in the Republic of Tyva, East Siberia.
Evraz Group S.A. is a public company registered in Luxembourg. The Company’s Global Depositary Receipts (GDRs), valued on the basis of one GDR equating to one third of one ordinary share, have been traded on the London Stock Exchange, under the stock symbol EVR, since June 2005. GDRs, as of 31 December 2009, represented 28.76% of the Company’s issued share capital.
Evraz Group’s principal metallurgical assets include three of Russia’s leading steel plants: Nizhny Tagil Iron and Steel Plant (“NTMK”) in the Urals region and West Siberian Iron and Steel Plant (“Zapsib”) and Novokuznetsk Iron and Steel Plant (“NKMK”) in Siberia. The Company's presence in North America comprises its steelmaking subsidiary Evraz Inc. NA, which includes Evraz Oregon Steel, Evraz Claymont Steel and Evraz Rocky Mountain Steel in the United States together with Evraz Red Deer Works, Evraz Calgary Works, Evraz Camrose Works and Evraz Regina Steel in Canada. Evraz also owns the Dnepropetrovsk Iron and Steel Works (“DMZ”) in Ukraine, Evraz Palini e Bertoli (“Evraz Palini e Bertoli”) in Italy, Evraz Vitkovice Steel (“Evraz Vitkovice”) in the Czech Republic and Evraz Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation Limited (“Evraz Highveld”) in South Africa. In Ukraine, Evraz acquired three coking plants – Bagleykoks Coke Chemical Plant (“Bagleykoks”), Dnepropetrovsk Coke Chemical Plant (“Dneprokoks”) and Dneprodzerzhinsk Coke Chemical Plant (“DKHZ”).
The Company’s mining division includes the iron ore mining complexes: Evrazruda, Kachkanarsky Ore Mining and Processing Enterprise Vanady (‘KGOK”) and Vysokogorsky Ore Mining and Processing Enterprise (“VGOK”) in Russia, the Sukha Balka Iron Ore Mining and Processing Complex (“Sukha Balka”) in Ukraine and the Yuzhkuzbassugol Coal Company (”Yuzhkuzbassugol”) in Western Siberia. The Company also holds a 40% equity interest in the Raspadskaya Coal Company (“Raspadskaya”). Evraz operates as a vertically-integrated steel producer: in 2009 the Company was self-sufficient in respect of 96% of its internal iron ore requirements and 74% of its coking coal consumption. Evraz produced approximately 17.4 million tonnes of iron ore products in 2009 and mined 10.3 million tonnes of coking coal.
2006年6月，该公司耗资1.1亿美元收购了美国最大的钒企业斯查特卡尔(Stratcor)公司72.9%的股份，之后成为世界钒市场占有率23%的龙头企业。之所以选定钒，是由于该公司下属的下塔吉尔公司是世界著名钒生产企业。该公司采用钒钛磁铁矿炼铁与提钒工艺，掌握着俄罗斯绝大部分钒资源，耶弗拉兹决策层将钒产业做为优势主干产业，力求尽可能多地控制世界钒资源与钒合金产业。
最近，面临金融危机，耶弗拉兹新闻发言人称，其北美分公司的生产计划将不改变，因为这里的钢材产品，尤其是厚板与大口径钢管的需求与价格，仍具有高水平。生产钢轨的机组订单充足，生产大口径钢管的机组订单排到2010年末。IPSCO是北美最具活力的公司之一，2007年的最终利润率为5.5%。另外，到2010年，美国正值更换公用管道系统的高峰，即便经济萧条，该公司也会获得不错收益。美国供水管道与输油管道大多已近服役期满，为避免事故频发迫切需要彻底替换。IPSCO的主导产品为基础建设所必需，因此其销售是可保证的，当然在目前，合同价格走低，但无碍大局。按分析家的意见，耶弗拉兹北美分公司的债务负担，由于没有新的并购对象，其到今年年底短期债务约为22亿美元，是可偿付的，目前，该公司北美分部的形势较为乐观。
俄罗斯耶弗拉兹钢铁公司是世界钢铁公司中的佼佼者，这主要得益于其投资集中于美国利润较大的钢管业以及国际钒业。2007年1月12日，该公司耗资23亿美元收购了美国最大的厚板、钢管与钢轨生产厂家俄勒冈钢铁公司，后者年产200万吨高附加值钢材。
为进一步强化北美中厚板市场，2008年1月17日，耶弗拉兹又以5.65亿美元现金收购了美国中厚板生产厂家克拉蒙特(claymont)公司，后者年产优质板材50万吨。2008年3月，耶弗拉兹与俄罗斯钢管冶金公司(TMK)联手，共同出资40.25亿美元收购SSAB在北美的板材与管材业务，耶弗拉兹为此以23亿美元获得了SSABIPSCO在加拿大的业务。IPSCO是北美的主要钢铁企业，产品以石油、天然气与机械用钢为主，由此耶弗拉兹扩大了在北美高附加值钢材市场的影响力。