卫报双语精读TE-2023-05-07期考研英语杂志英文外刊|自动售货机（PDF版+Word版）
vending machines：All you need, from false eyelashes to a good read
自动售货机：从假睫毛到一本好书，你需要的我都有
【1】Long gone are the days when vending machines would simply swallow your money. Nor are they limited to offering a savoury snack or sweet treat. Instead they have quietly transformed into hi-tech cashless devices selling everything you could possibly need on the move, from false eyelashesto milk, and now books. The publisher Penguin Random House is showcasing a book vending machine at Exeter St Davids railway station in Devon.The titles available include Taste, by Stanley Tucci, but what is sold will change on a regular basis, sometimes to reflect key momentsthroughout the year such as Black History Month.
自动售货机直接吞钱的日子已经已经一去不返了，而且货品也不再仅限于美味的小吃或甜食，相反，它们悄然变身为高科技无现金设备，售卖你出门在外可能需要的所有东西，从假睫毛到牛奶，而现在已经卖起了书。出版商企鹅兰登书屋（ Penguin Random House）在德文郡埃克塞特圣戴维斯火车站摆了一台自动售书机。里面的书有斯坦利·图奇（Stanley Tucci）的回忆录《Taste》，但售卖的书会定期更换，有时候是为了呼应一年中的关键时刻，就比如说黑人历史月。
【注】黑人历史月，每年二月是北美黑人历史月（Black History Month）。在这个月人们除了庆祝浪漫的情人节，重要的是纪念千百万美国公民为摆脱奴役、偏见和贫困，克服种种艰难困苦而取得的成就，赞颂黑人为美国文化和政治生活做出的贡献。
【2】David Llewellyn, chief executive of the Automatic vending Association, says there has been a rise in machines offering personal protectiveequipment for workers, as well as a growth in “micro-markets”. “These are small retail units that sit within an office block offering fresh food, snacksand confectionery,” he says. “It’s like a small unattended retail corner, using things like smart fridges that can read what is taken out of them. You can buy a whole meal.”
自动售货机协会(Automatic vending Association)首席执行官戴维•卢埃林（David Llewellyn）表示，那些为工作者提供个人防护装备的售货机数量有所上升，“微型超市”的数量也有所增长。“这些小型零售单元坐落在办公大楼里，为人们提供新鲜食品、零食和糖果，”他说，“这就像一个无人工参与的售货角，采用了智能冰箱，从而能够自动识别从冰箱里取出的东西。你甚至可以从那里买一顿饭。”
【3】Llewellyn thinks micro-markets have arisen because of different working patterns, with more people at home. “There are less people consistentlyon sites now so not huge demand for canteens .” Book vending machines are not entirely new. The first Penguin book vending machine was in Charing Cross Road, London, in 1937, and the books cost sixpence each.In 2019, short-story vending machines arrived in Canary Wharf, dispensingone-, three- and five-minute stories free to passersby. Llewellyn says the vending market had a £2.2bn annual turnover before the pandemic but lost about 40% when lockdowns forced people out of the offices, transport hubs and leisure spaces where they are most commonly found. Sales are expected to return to pre- Covid levels this year.
卢埃林（Llewellyn ）认为微型超市的兴起是因为人们现在有了不同的工作模式，也就是有更多的人能呆在家里。“因为现在一直线下上班的人没有那么多了，所以对食堂的需求并不大。”图书售卖机并不是个全新的事物。1937年，第一部企鹅图书自动售货机就出现在伦敦查令十字路口（Charing Cross Road），每本售价6便士。2019年，短篇小说自动售货机来到了金丝雀码头（Canary Wharf），路人可以免费获得阅读时长为一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事。卢埃林说，疫情前自动售货机市场的年营业额为22亿英镑，但当人们因疫情封锁而被迫离开售货机最常出现的办公室、交通枢纽和休闲场所时，该市场年营业额减少了约40%。今年销售额预计将恢复到疫情前水平。
【4】In 2018, Neil Stephen, from Inverurie, Aberdeenshire, introduced self-service machines dispensing farmhouse produce. The idea was inspired by his grandfather who, in the late 1970s, used to leave a wheelbarrow filled with turnips and other vegetables at the gates. “We introduced it at the right time, just before Covid, because our business skyrocketed,” he says.
2018年，来自阿伯丁郡因弗鲁里（Inverurie）的尼尔·斯蒂芬（Neil Stephen）推出了售卖农产品的自助售货机。他的灵感来自祖父，上世纪70年代末，他的祖父经常在门口放一辆手推车，里面装满了萝卜和其他蔬菜。他说：“我们在对的时间推出了这款售卖机，也就是在疫情开始之前，因为当时我们的业绩飙升。”
【5】Pizza is another product that has emerged as a top seller, with machines serving it popping up from Hampshire to Bristol. Even Italy got in on the act with its own device, close to Piazza Bologna in Rome: Mr Go Pizza offers up four varieties costing between €4.50 (£3.95) and €6 .The public health sphere is also benefiting from vending devices. In Glasgow, in 2021, health officials set up a dispenser of sterilised needles to curb infections among drug users. Elsewhere, in America there are vending machines dispensing free packets of Narcan (naloxone), which can prevent death from a drug overdose.
披萨是另一种热销产品，披萨自动售卖机在多地出现，从汉普郡到布里斯托尔都有。就连意大利也在罗马博洛尼亚广场（Piazza Bologna）附近摆上了自己的自动售货机：Mr Go Pizza自动售卖机提供四种不同的披萨，价格从4.5欧元（3.95英镑）到6欧元不等。自动售货机也服务了公共卫生领域。2021年，在格拉斯哥，卫生官员设立了一个消毒针头售卖机，以控制吸毒者交叉感染。在美国的其他地方，有自动贩卖机免费提供纳洛酮，这种药可以防止人们因药物过量而死亡。
【6】Japan is home to the most unusual vending operations, offering everything from umbrellas to fancy dress. The most recent addition, in the northern prefecture of Akita, sells fresh bear meat. The last formal count, conducted by a trade body in December 2020, found there were 2.7m vendingmachines in Japan – one for every 46 citizens.Llewellyn says the UK is following Japan down the route of offering more fresh food in vending, although it is unlikely we will ever reach the sheer number of machines in that country.“There is a huge array of machines [in Japan] but they have a lot of public vending, which would not stand our climate or our social responsibility to other people’s equipment. People don’t beat machines up in Japan.”
日本有着最有特色的自动售货机，从雨伞到化妆舞会的服装，应有尽有。在秋田县北部，最近新添的一种自动售货机出售新鲜熊肉。一家贸易机构于2020年12月进行的最近一次正式统计发现，日本有270万台自动售货机，相当于平均每46名公民就有一台自动售货机。卢埃林表示，英国正在效仿日本，想在自动售货机中提供更多新鲜食品，但我们不太可能像日本那样拥有那么多的自动售货机。“（日本）有大量的自动售货机，而且他们也有很多室外的公共售货机，但英国的气候条件并不允许这样，而且人们也没有社会义务要保护他人的设备财产。毕竟在日本，不会有人对售货机大打出手。”
段落大意：
【1】传统的自动售货机已经转变为高科技无现金设备，而且售卖的物品种类十分丰富，其中也包括书籍。
【2】自动售货机数量和微型超市的数量都有所增长。
【3】图书售卖机并不是什么新鲜事物，尽管疫情打击了自动售货机市场营业额，但今年有望恢复疫情前水平。
【4】2018年，来自阿伯丁郡的尼尔·斯蒂芬推出了售卖农产品的自助售货机。
【6】日本有着最有特色的自动售货机，且日本的机器数量非常之多。
短语：
1）原文：Sales are expected to return to pre- Covid levels this year.
词典：be expected to 预计……
例句：This year the number can be expected to drop to 400 or below.
预计今年这一数字将锐减至400部或更少。
2）原文：Pizza is another product that has emerged as a top seller, with machines serving it popping up from Hampshire to Bristol.
词典：pop up 突然出现
例句：As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in resolving some of the issues that pop up at work.
如上所述，在解决工作中出现的一些问题时，冷淡的关系并不总是最有用的方法。
3）原文： In Glasgow, in 2021, health officials set up a dispenser of sterilised needles to curb infections among drug users.
词典：set up 设立
例句：The system is set up but it needs some fine-tuning.
该系统已装配好，但需要一些细小调整。
4）原文：There is a huge array of machines [in Japan] but they have a lot of public vending, which would not stand our climate or our social responsibility to other people’s equipment.
词典：an array of大量
例句：Such failures can be caused by an array of problems.
这种失败可以有一大堆的问题引起。
长难句分析：
一、原文：
Instead they have quietly transformed into hi-tech cashless devices selling everything you could possibly need on the move, from false eyelashes to milk, and now books.
相反，它们悄然变身为高科技无现金设备，售卖你出门在外可能需要的所有东西，从假睫毛到牛奶，而现在已经卖起了书。
分析：
l 红色部分是主句，是主谓结构。绿色部分是现在分词短语做后置定语，修饰devices。
l 紫色部分是定语从句，修饰先行词everything。
l 蓝色部分是介词短语做状语，进行举例说明。
二、原文：
Pizza is another product that has emerged as a top seller, with machines serving it popping up from Hampshire to Bristol.
披萨是另一种热销产品，披萨自动售卖机在多地出现，从汉普郡到布里斯托尔都有。
分析：
l 红色部分是主句，是主系表结构。蓝色部分是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词product。
l 紫色部分是with复合结构，其中machines是with的宾语，popping up是宾语补足语。
l 绿色部分是现在分词做后置定语，修饰machines。橙色部分是介词短语做状语。
背景知识：
世界上最早的自动售货机是在公元一世纪，希腊人希罗制造的自动售卖圣水的设备。17世纪，英国的小酒吧里出现售卖香烟的自动售货机。其实在自动售货机的发展历史中，日本在进入本世纪后首先开发出实用型的自动售货机，日本第一台自动售货机是1904年问世的“邮票明信片自动出售机”，它是把邮票明信片的出售与邮筒投函联系到一起，然后一同去出售。1925年，美国开发了一种自动售货机来销售卷烟。从那时起，就出现了各种出售邮票与门票的现代自动售货机。第二次世界大战之后自动售货机才真正遍及世界。50年代的时候，“喷水型果汁自动售货机”大受欢迎，后来，美国的饮料公司进入日本市场，在1962年，就出现了以自动售货机为主体流通领域的革命。
现在自动售货机出售的商品种类也越来越多，除了零食，还有鲜花、果汁咖啡、盲盒等。但是提供现煮熟食的自动贩卖机却很少见。但之后，一款披萨自动贩卖机出现在罗马街头，食客将现金塞进红色的机器里，三分钟后一张热乎乎香喷喷的披萨就出炉了。机器会揉面，并在面饼上加配料，顾客可以在一个小玻璃窗后观看披萨饼的烹饪过程。
随着经济发展及生活节奏加快，自动售货机以其便捷性会变得更加受欢迎。
PS:各位研友下载请文末点击阅读原文.
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